Pressure-indicating apparatus and circuit for a system of electric distribution



(Nb Model.)

0. B. SHALL'ENBERGER. PRESSURE INDIGATING APPARATUS AND CIRCUIT FOR SYSTEM OF ELECTRIC DISTRIBUTION.

No. 372,936. Patented Nov. 8, 1887'.

/ g gmns UN ITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

OLIVER l3. SHALLENBERGER, OF ROCHESTER, ASSIGNOR TO GEORGE \VESTINGHOUSE, JR, OF- PITTSBURGQPENNSYLVANIA.

PRESSURE-INDICATING APPARATUS AND CIRCUIT FOR A SYSTEM OF ELECTRIC DISTRIBUTION.

SPECIFICATION forming part. of Letters Patent No. 372,936, dated November 8, 1887.

(No model.)-

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, OLIVER B. Sr-nrLLnN- BERGER, acitizen of theUnited States, residing in Rochester, in the county of Beaver and State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful. I-mprovements'in Pressure-Indicating Apparatus and Circuits for a System of ElectricDistribution, of which the following is a specification.

The invention relates to an organization of apparatus for determining the electrical pressit re or difference of potential upon an electric circuit at any time.

The object of theinvention isto provide convenient and economical means for indicating at a central station variations in the electrical pressure at distant points'in an electric circuit.

The accompanying drawing is a diagram illustrating a general organization of circuits and apparatus for carrying out the invention.

Referring to the drawing, A represents a suitable source of alternate, intermittent, or pulsatory electric currents, and L L conductors leading from the respective poles thereof to more or less distant points. It is designed that these conductors shall convey currents of high potential, and that the potential shall be reduced at or near the points where the currents are to be utilized by means of electric converters O O O. The primary coils p of these converters are included in the main circuit while the secondar coils s s have their terminals connected with a subsidiary or supply circuit, 2i t", with which the translating devices d d arealso connected. This represents a general organization of circuits employed in a secondary system of electrical distribution; but it may be variously modified, the purpose being to transmit high potential currents over great distances to points near which they are to be utilized and to reduce the potential at such points by whatever means.

As it is desirable to be able to determine at the central station where the source A is located, or at some other convenient point distant from the translating devices, the difference of potential upon the lines t i the indicating device B is employed. This device may be of any well-known character, but preferably consists of a solenoid, I), provided with a core, I),

referabl r of fine wires sus ended from one P 5 7 P end of a tilting lever, If. This core is balanced by a weight, w, and the core is drawn a greater or less distance into the solenoid, according to the potential of the currents traversing the latter. An indicator, if, applied to a plate, I), serves to show the potential of the currents traversing the solenoid. A carbon resistance, which may with advantage be an incandescent electric lamp, b is preferably included in circuit with the solenoid b.

As it is desirable to locate the indicator B at a point distant from the translating devices (2 d, it is desirable that means be provided whereby conductors of small size may be employed for conveying the currents back from the conductors t t to the device B. For this purpose a converter, 0 has its primary coil 12 connecting with the conductors 1'. t", and its secondary coil s has its respective terminals connected with conductors t and t, adapted to convey currents of high potential. The converter C is organized toincrease the potential of the currents received from the conductors t t, and the currents of high potential thus obtained may readily be transmitted over the small. conductors i".

The conductors if and t are connected at or near the device B through the primary coil 12. ofa converter, 0*, constructed to reduce the potential. The secondary coil s of this converter has its terminals connected with conductors t and i, including the device I) and the solenoid b. In this manner it will be understood that the potential upon conductors t t will be indicated upon the device 13, and the conductors t t", conveying the electrical energy, may be of small cross-section.

For the purpose of conveniently indicating the successive changes in the current upon the circuits, the drawing indicates a difference of ceiving the currents of reduced potential, trnnslz'tting devices includedinsaid secoinlnry circuit, a converter increasing the potential received from thesaid second circuit, conduct ors extending therefrom to a distant point, and an indicator operated by the electrical energy conveyed thereby.

2. The combination, with a system of elec tricnl distribution employing alternating, undulutory, or pulsatory currents, of a pressure reducing device connected with the translatingcircuit, an indicating device located at a, point distant therefrom, a pressure-incrcztsing device connected with the translating-oi rcninnnd an electric connection from said pressure-increasing device to suid indicating device.

3. The coi'nbination, with n system of elec- 

